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Figure 1. Diagram of Craggs artificial urinary sphincter. 1: urethral cuff; 2: primary reservoir/balloon; 3: additional reservoir (stress-relief balloon); 4: scrotal pump. The design allows a temporarily increased intra-abdominal pressure (caused by a stress such as coughing) to be transmitted from 3 into 1. This prevents stress incontinence, as well as urethral erosion that could be caused by a constant high pressure on the urethra even during rest when a conventional artificial sphincter was used (Artwork by Martin Knight).
