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British Journal of Radiology (2003) 76, 755
© 2003 British Institute of Radiology
doi: 10.1259/bjr/28915741

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Correspondence

Evaluation of a device is not an evaluation of a measurement site

The Editor—Sir,

In the paper by Drs Williams and Daymond they state that heel densitometry could not be used for diagnosis of osteoporosis [1]. This is based on their findings of many false negatives when comparing with axial densitometry. However, the conclusions are based on just one device and should not be generalized to all devices that measure bone density in the heel bone. In the much larger study on different peripheral devices conducted by Dr Siris et al [2], 200 000 post-menopausal women were measured and diagnosed by different peripheral devices. The results show that the prediction of hip fracture from heel densitometry is as good as measurements of the hip itself. No single measurement (peripheral or axial) identifies all patients with low bone density, the study shows however the practical clinical value of information derived from single-site peripheral measurements in post-menopausal women. The heel bone as a measurement site has been validated by numerous others and shown to be highly predictive of fracture risk and useful as an aid to make therapeutic decisions [35]. The T-scores for peripheral devices may sometimes not be in concordance with T-scores derived from axial measurements, however similar discrepancies exist for T-scores between hip and spine [6, 7]. The evaluation of one device does not necessarily imply that all devices that measure the same site are performing equally.

Yours etc.,

R Kullenberg

Department of Radiology, County Hospital, SE-301 85 Halmstad, Sweden

Received for publication May 17, 2003. Accepted for publication July 17, 2003.

References

  1. Williams ED, Daymond TJ. Evaluation of calcaneus bone densitometry against hip and spine for diagnosis of osteoporosis. Br J Radiol 2003;76:123–8.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  2. Siris ES, Miller PD, Barrett-Connor E, Faulkner KG, Wehren LE, Abbott TA, et al. Identification and fracture outcomes of undiagnosed low bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. JAMA 2001;286:2815–22.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  3. Miller PD, Siris ES, Barrett-Connor E, Faulkner KG, Wehren LE, Abbott TA, et al. Prediction of fracture risk in postmenopausal white women with peripheral bone densitometry: Evidence from the National Osteoporosis Risk Assessment. J Bone Miner Res 2002;17:2222–30.[CrossRef][Medline]
  4. Vogel JM, Wasnich RD, Ross PD. The clinical relevance of calcaneus bone mineral measurements: a review. Bone Miner 1988;5:35–58.[Medline]
  5. Cummings SR, Black DM, Nevitt MC, et al. Bone density at various sites for prediction of hip fractures. Lancet 1993;341:72–5.[CrossRef][Medline]
  6. O'Gradaigh D, Debiram I, Love S, Richards HK, Compston JE. A prospective study of discordance in diagnosis of osteoporosis using spine and proximal femur bone densitometry. Osteoporosis Int 2003;14:13–8.[CrossRef][Medline]
  7. Arlot ME, Sornay-Rendu E, Garnero P, Vey-Marty B, Delmas PD. Apparent pre- and postmenopausal bone loss evaluated by DXA at different sites in women: the OFELY cohort. J Bone Miner Res 1997;12:683–90.[CrossRef][Medline]

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Authors' reply
E D Williams and T J Daymond
BJR 2003 76: 755-756. [Full Text]  




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