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British Journal of Radiology (2006) 79, S16-S26
© 2006 British Institute of Radiology
doi: 10.1259/bjr/84072695
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Applications of magnetic resonance spectroscopy in radiotherapy treatment planning

G S Payne, DPhil and M O Leach, PhD, FInstP, FMedSci

Cancer Research UK Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5PT, UK


Figure 1
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  		Figure 1. Example of1H MRS spectra from (a) normal brain and (b) brain stem tumour. The major peaks are from choline (Cho), Creatine (Cr), myo-Inositol (mI), N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) and lipids (lip). Repetition time (TR) = 1.5 s; echo time (TE) = 30 ms. Each spectrum shows acquired data (grey line), the fit (bold line) and fitted baseline. Note the increase in choline (Cho) and reduction in NAA in the tumour compared with normal brain.

 

Figure 2
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  		Figure 2. Mean and standard deviation(vertical lines) of normalized STEAM (echo time (TE) = 30 ms) spectra acquired from a number of subjects: Normal white matter (n = 6); meningioma (n = 8); astrocytoma grade II (n = 5); anaplastic astrocytoma (n = 7); glioblastoma (n = 13). Published with permission [28].

 

Figure 3
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  		Figure 3. Comparison of lesion extent measured usingT2 weighted MRI (red), T1 weighted MRI following injection of contrast agent (green), and MRS to measure high Cho/NAA (orange) for a patient with a grade 4 glioma. Published with permission [43].

 

Figure 4
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  		Figure 4. Centre: T2 weighted transverse image of prostate with tumour in right mid-gland, overlain with grid of voxels from which spectra were acquired. Left: Spectrum acquired from region of tumour, illustrating dramatically elevated choline and absence of citrate and polyamines. Right: Spectrum from healthy peripheral zone tissue with high citrate and presence of polyamines. (Reproduced with permission from J Kurhanewicz et al [46]).

 




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