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British Journal of Radiology (2006) 79, 9-16
© 2006 British Institute of Radiology
doi: 10.1259/bjr/67045628
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Cardiac applications of multislice computed tomography

A de Roos, MD 1 L J M Kroft, MD 1 J J Bax, MD 2 H J Lamb, MD 1 and J Geleijns, PhD 1

Departments of 1 Radiology and 2 Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands


Figure 1
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  		Figure 1. Temporal resolution of CT coronary angiography. The temporal resolution depends strongly on the rotation time and the reconstruction algorithm. In segmented (multiphase) reconstructions, temporal resolution depends also strongly on the pitch factor. The lower the pitch factor, the more cardiac phases are captured during the acquisition and the better temporal resolution. The graphs are calculated for a pitch factor of 0.2. The graphs clearly show the dependence of temporal resolution on heart rate and rotation time.

 

Figure 2
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  		Figure 2. Coronary artery calcification imaging at 64-row multidetector CT (MDCT). 64-row MDCT of a 52-year-old male patient with risk factors for coronary artery disease. Small calcifications in the left anterior descending artery. The total calcium score according to Agatston was 21, and the total volumetric score was 25, indicating mild atherosclerotic plaque with mild or minimal coronary artery narrowings likely. CT-angiography revealed no coronary artery stenoses.

 

Figure 3
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  		Figure 3. Normal coronary artery anatomy at 64-row multidetector CT (MDCT). 64-row MDCT of a 62-year-old male patient with risk factors for coronary artery stenosis. No stenoses were found at MDCT coronary angiography. Left anterior (a) oblique view and (b) caudal view. LAD, left anterior descending coronary artery; D, diagonal branch of the LAD; IM, intermediate coronary artery branch; Cx, circumflex coronary artery; MO, obtuse marginal branch (of the Cx); DP, descending posterior branch (of the right coronary artery).

 

Figure 4
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  		Figure 4. Bypass imaging at 64-row multidetector CT (MDCT). 64-row MDCT of a 78-year-old male patient after coronary artery bypass graft operation (CABG). Occlusion of multiple venous bypass grafts (nr 1 in a). Left internal mammarian artery bypass graft (nr 2 in a,b) with open anastomosis (nr 3 in a,b,c) on the left anterior descending coronary artery (nr 4 in a,c). Poor quality native coronary artery system with multiple stenoses and poor contrast enhancement (nr 4 in a,c). b and c are displayed in two perpendicular longitudinal directions.

 

Figure 5
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  		Figure 5. Multiple perfusion defects imaged with 64-row multidetector CT (MDCT). Same patient (78-year-old male) as in Figure 4Go after coronary artery bypass graft operation and multiple venous bypass graft occlusions. Multiple perfusion defects with regional wall thinning.

 

Figure 6
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  		Figure 6. Ventricular function imaging at 64-row multidetector CT (MDCT). 26-year-old male patient after surgery for congenital heart disease. Ventricular function can be assessed after drawing the endocardial ventricular contours in (a) end-diastolic and (b) end-systolic phases at multiple cardiac levels, thereby including the ventricular volumes.

 

Figure 7
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  		Figure 7. Pulmonary vein imaging at 64-row multidetector CT (MDCT). 64-row MDCT, non-ECG-synchronized imaging. 59-year-old male patient. Pre-interventional assessment of pulmonary veins for radiofrequency ablation. Posterior view of the patient's heart. Common ostium for the left pulmonary veins, i.e. the pulmonary veins join before entering the left atrium. Separate ostia for the right pulmonary veins. LS, left superior pulmonary vein; LI, left inferior pulmonary vein; RS, right superior pulmonary vein; RI, right inferior pulmonary vein; LA, left atrium; LPA, left pulmonary artery; RPA, right pulmonary artery; VC, inferior vena cava.

 




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