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Navigating and visualizing three-dimensional data sets

¹ School of Informatics, University of Wales, Bangor LL57 1UT and ² University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK

View larger version (110K): [in a new window]   Figure 1. Surface extraction generated from time-of-flight MR angiography data set of a patient suffering from a brain haemorrhage. The threshold value is selected using the histogram tool.

View larger version (88K): [in a new window]   Figure 2. Volume rendering generated from time-of-flight MR angiography data set of a patient suffering from a brain haemorrhage. The transfer function is described using the colour-map editor. Red is used to indicate regions of faster blood flow.

View larger version (125K): [in a new window]   Figure 3. The University of Manchester's Op3D system. An inexpensive "computer games" joystick is being used to interact with the 3D data. The joystick is easy to use and can be made sterile by simply enclosing it within a sterile bag.

View larger version (84K): [in a new window]   Figure 4. Voxar Colonscreen 3D colour volume rendering showing a large polyp identified by the endoluminal orthographic view. Data courtesy of Hope Hospital, Manchester, UK.

View larger version (128K): [in a new window]   Figure 5. Voxar 3D image showing segmented 3D colour volume-rendered image demonstrating the arterial supply of a tumour in a horseshow kidney. Image data is courtesy of Christoph Wald, MD, PhD, Lahey Clinic Medical Center.

View larger version (118K): [in a new window]   Figure 6. Voxar 3D image showing right posterior parietal–occipital parasagittal meningioma with primary supply by the enlarged pericallosal artery. Image data is courtesy of John J Warner, MD, Marshfield Clinic, USA.

View larger version (132K): [in a new window]   Figure 7. Transverse clip plan of data set demonstrating endocrine tumour of pancreas with liver metastasis.

View larger version (146K): [in a new window]   Figure 8. By tilting the clip plane vertically the relationship between the confluence of the superior mesenteric, splenic and portal veins with the tumour is demonstrated.

View larger version (175K): [in a new window]   Figure 9. A vertical clip plane view of a 385 slice reconstruction, giving a voxel size of 0.78 mm x 0.78 mm x 1.0 mm, illustrating the body and tail of the pancreas.

View larger version (173K): [in a new window]   Figure 10. Moving the clip plane through the data set vertically allows visualization of two small cystic lesions in the tail of the pancreas and their relationship to the splenic vessels.

View larger version (77K): [in a new window]   Figure 11. Microsubmarine navigating inside a semitransparent 3D model of the human cochlea (not to scale). The cochlea is from a surface extraction generated using data courtesy of Prof. Alan Jackson, University of Manchester, UK.