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The role of ultrasound in molecular imaging

Ultrasound Group, Imaging Sciences Department, Imperial College London, Clinical Sciences Centre, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0HS, UK

View larger version (151K): [in a new window]   Figure 1. A four-chamber view of the heart at day 13.5 showing complete ventricular septation and visible mitral valve leaflets. Note that at these high frequencies the blood pool appears relatively echogenic. Reprinted from [11] with permission.

View larger version (79K): [in a new window]   Figure 2. 40 MHz ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM)-guided continuous wave (CW) Doppler measurements of umbilical blood flow. (a) In utero UBM image of an E12.5 mouse embryo (E), showing the Doppler sample volume (white box) positioned over the umbilical artery (A) and vein (V). The placenta is labelled as P. The scale bar is 1 mm. (b) CW Doppler waveform demonstrating arterial (A) flow towards the transducer (positive) and venous flow (V) away from the transducer (negative). Reprinted from [9] with permission.

View larger version (53K): [in a new window]   Figure 3. (a) An ultrasonic image generated by plotting the variation of the intensity of the reflected beam. The cells are XTH-2 cells, originating from Xenopus tadpole heart endothelium. The straight line on the image is the scan line along which cell properties are computed. (b) Predicted wave speed (continuous line) and attenuation (dotted line) variation along the scan line. Reprinted from [29] with permission.

View larger version (148K): [in a new window]   Figure 4. This is the processed image demonstrating the microvascular map (based on integrating microbubble signals) within a 2.8 cm breast lesion (in a patient diagnosed with grade 2 invasive ductal carcinoma). Note the hypoechoic central region, which is assumed to represent a hypovascular area within the lesion). Image supplied by Anand Rattansingh, Research Radiographer, Imperial College and Hammersmith Hospital, with permission.