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The role of functional and molecular imaging in cancer drug discovery and development

Cancer Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Research, Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Figure 1. Essential steps in the process of rational drug discovery.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Figure 2. The pharmacological audit trail used in the development of novel anticancer agents.

View larger version (12K): [in a new window]   Figure 3. Scheme showing the role of functional and molecular imaging technologies in drug discovery (PK, pharmacokinetics; PD, pharmacodynamics; EnRP, endogenous reporter probes; ExRP, exogenous reporter probes).

View larger version (7K): [in a new window]   Figure 4. Chemical structure of the hypoxia probe SR-4554.

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Figure 5. Correlation between the retention of SR-4554 bioreduction products in tumour cells detected by 19F magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) indicating cellular hypoxia (3 h 19fluorine retention index) and tumour pO2 measured by polarographic electrode (pO2 values <2.5 mmHg) in groups of P22 tumour-bearing female SCID mice. Tumour hypoxia was increased by hydralazine (HDZ) and combretastatin A-4 phosphate (CA-4-P), decreased by carbogen and nicotinamide (C/N), or unmodulated (air). Error bars indicate standard error of the mean. (Modified from reference [102].)