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Evaluation of chronic venous disease in the lower limbs: comparison of five diagnostic methods

Departments of ¹ Radiology and Ultrasound and ² Clinical Physiology/Nuclear Medicine, Gentofte Hospital, DK-2900, Denmark and Departments of ³ Radiology and ⁴ Dermatology and ⁵ Copenhagen Wound Healing Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen and ⁶ Trier Research Laboratory, Frederiksberg, Denmark

View larger version (35K): [in a new window]   Figure 1. Triplex ultrasound examination of popliteal vein. Doppler sampling gate in popliteal vein. Calf compression results in antegrade flow (spectral curve below baseline); when compression is released spectral curve shows reflux (retrograde flow above baseline) for 2 s until the next compression.

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Figure 2. Ambulatory strain gauge plethysmography. The unbroken line illustrates the volume changes in an extremity with an abnormal short refilling time (RT) (8 s) indicating venous reflux or incompetent perforating veins. For comparison the broken line shows slow refilling of the venous system in an extremity with normal, competent veins. EV, expelled volume.