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Patient and staff exposure during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

N Buls, MSc 1 J Pages, PhD 1 F Mana, MD 2 and M Osteaux, MD, PhD 1

Departments of 1 Radiology and Medical Imaging and 2 Gastro-Enterology, Free University Hospital Brussels (AZ-VUB), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium



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Figure 1. Staff positions relative to the patient and X-ray tube during a typical endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography procedure. Distance variations are marked in centimetres. G.E., gastroenterologist; N.1., assisting nurse; N.2., second nurse.

 


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Figure 2. Entrance surface dose (ESD) measured on the surface ofan Alderson-rando phantom (Phantom Laboratory, Salem, NY) as a function of dose–area product (DAP) for field size selections 38 cm ({blacklozenge}), 23 cm ({circ}) and 15 cm ({square}) in a typical endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographyprocedure set-up.

 





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