BJR
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
This Article
Right arrow Abstract Freely available
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Yakoumakis, E
Right arrow Articles by Proukakis, C.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Yakoumakis, E
Right arrow Articles by Proukakis, C.

Differences in effective dose estimation from dose–area product and entrance surface dose measurements in intravenous urography

E Yakoumakis, PhD1, I A Tsalafoutas, MSc2, D Nikolaou, MD2, I Nazos, RT2, E Koulentianos, MD, PhD2 and Ch Proukakis, MD, PhD1

1Medical Physics Department, Medical School, University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias, 115 27 Athens and 2Radiology Department and Medical Physics Unit, Konstantopoulio — Agia Olga Hospital, 3–5 Agias Olga, Nea Ionia, 142 33 Athens, Greece



View larger version (44K):

[in a new window]
  		Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the geometrical set-up of the instruments for measuring dose–area product (DAP) and entrance surface dose (ESD) in intravenous urography examinations.

 


View larger version (15K):

[in a new window]
  		Figure 2. Output (O/P) variation with tube potential (kVp) setting expressed in a log–log chart, at 100 cm from the focus. The continuous lines represent fitting of all data points while the dashed lines represent fitting of data points from 60–100 kVp.

 


View larger version (24K):

[in a new window]
  		Figure 3. Conversion coefficients of entrance surface dose and dose–area product (CCESD and CCDAP, respectively) with tube potential (kVp) setting for the X-ray views used in intravenous urography.

 


View larger version (39K):

[in a new window]
  		Figure 4. Effective dose E estimates from dose–area product, E(DAP), entrance surface dose, E(ESD) and calculated ESD, E(ESDC) in 25 intravenous urography examinations.

 


View larger version (57K):

[in a new window]
  		Figure 5. Measured entrance surface dose (ESD) and calculated ESD (ESDC) values of cumulative ESD in 25intravenous urography examinations. Numbers above the columns are the percentage differences. [{Delta}ESD%=(ESDC-ESD)/max(ESDC,ESD)].

 


View larger version (43K):

[in a new window]
  		Figure 6. Estimates of the effective dose from dose–area product, E(DAP), and the effective dose from entrance surface dose with field size A', E'(ESD) in 25 intravenous urography examinations.

 




HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
BJR DMFR IMAGING  ALL BIR JOURNALS 
Copyright © 2001 by the British Institute of Radiology.