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British Journal of Radiology (1992) 65, 1011-1017
© 1992 British Institute of Radiology
doi: 10.1259/0007-1285-65-779-1011
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Effect of diatrizoate on the function of the isolated perfused rat kidney

P. Brownd, MB, ChB, FRCS J. Haylor, BPharm, PhD {ddagger} S. K. Morcos, FRCS, FFRRCSI, FRCR G. H. Cope, PhD § and A. M. El Nahas, PhD, FRCP {dagger}

Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Northern General Hospital NHS Trust, Sheffield S5 7AU, UK {dagger} Sheffield Kidney Institute, Northern General Hospital NHS Trust, Sheffield S5 7AU, UK {ddagger} Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TH, UK § Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TH, UK

The mechanism of the nephrotoxicity of water-soluble contrast media (WSCM) remains ill denned. We have studied the effect of diatrizoate on the isolated perfused rat kidney (IPRK). Emphasis was on the effect of low- and high-dose diatrizoate on glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal perfusate flow (RPF), fractional excretion of albumin (FE Alb) and fractional reabsorption of sodium (FR Na). The addition of diatrizoate to the IPRK led to a dose-dependent biphasic change in RPF and GFR characterized by an initial transient increase followed by a marked and sustained decrease. Diatrizoate induced a diuresis and a parallel increase in urinary sodium excretion (fall of FR Na). FE Alb was also increased in kidneys exposed to diatrizoate. Electron microscopy of a control kidney showed preservation of cellular architecture, which contrasted with the observed cytoplasmic vacuolation of proximal tubular cells after perfusion with diatrizoate. This study confirms a direct effect of WSCM on the function of the IPRK. In this experimental model, diatrizoate reproduces the effects observed in vivo on GFR and renal perfusion.

Key Words: Diatrizoate • Water-soluble contrast medium • Isolated perfused rat kidney • Glomerular filtration rate • Proteinuria

Received for publication October 29, 1991. Revision received March 27, 1992. Accepted for publication May 6, 1992.






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