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II. Projection Microradiography

Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge

This excerpt was created in the absence of an abstract.

The simplest method of microradiography uses a normal X-ray tube and a fine-grained photographic plate in close contact with the specimen. The negative is enlarged optically up to x500 depending on the grain size and density distribution in the photographic emulsion and also on the thickness of specimen, X-ray focal spot size and tube distance. This contact method has had a long and varied history, starting less than two years after Röntgen's discovery of X rays. One of the earliest references is the programme of the Inaugural Meeting of the Röntgen Society, November 5, 1897, where Mr. F. H. Neville (from this Laboratory) showed Microskiagrams of sections of sodium—gold alloys (Robertson, 1954).

Since that time other workers have used contact microradiography in biology, medicine, metallurgy and other fields with a gradual realisation of the value of the method. More recently, Engström (1950) has placed microradiography on a quantitative basis for determining the mass and element distribution in a specimen and has even used this method on living tissues (Engstrom, Bellman and Engfeldt, 1955). A special X-ray tube has been made available for this contact method and the stated aim is "an equipment as easy to use as an ordinary light microscope" (Combée and Engström, 1954; Combée, Houtman and Recourt, 1955).

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