Figure 2. Dose–response curve for chronic nephropathy after total body irradiation plus bone marrow transplantation from the clinical reports of Lawton et al [18] (•) and Miralbell et al [13] (O). The "equivalent single dose" is derived from the actual fractionated low dose rate regimen by assuming an / ratio of 1.5–4.0 Gy [3, 20, 21] for the fractionation effect, and a dose rate reduction factor of 1.2–1.5 [3, 22] for the dose rate effect. The vertical error bars are standard deviations; the horizontal error bars reflect the biological uncertainty in the "equivalent single dose" calculation.